In a variety of species and biological questions, more and more studies that combine data translation to better assess how gene regulation occurs at a rate of protein synthesis. The inclusion of data translation improves upon, and has proven to be more accurate than, studies transcription course. However, there are many different techniques available for measuring the translation and can be difficult, especially for young scientists or aspire, to determine the best method is applied in particular situations. We have put together this review in order to enhance understanding and promote the use of translation in plant biology.

Our methods include a variety of methods to measure changes in the global translation (eg, radiolabeling, polysome profiles, or puromycylation), translation of a single gene (eg, fluorescent reporter construction, toeprinting, or mapping the density of the ribosome), sequencing-based to uncover the whole translatome (for example, Ribo-seq or translating ribosome affinity purification), and mass spectrometry-based method for identifying changes in the proteome (eg, stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture or bioorthogonal marking noncanonical amino acids).

The benefits and limitations of each method are discussed with special note of how the application of other model systems may be extended for use in plants. In order to make this emerging field more accessible to students and scientists are newer, our review includes a comprehensive glossary defining key terms.

Improve communication for interdisciplinary team work on the storage of digital information in DNA.

Close collaboration between specialists from different backgrounds and working in different scientific domains is an effective strategy to address the challenges in the area of ​​the interface between biology, chemistry, physics and engineering. Communication in collaboration alone can be challenging. Even when the project is successfully completed, so the publication – of multi-wrote – has the potential to falter.

Some, both in the field and outside, may be able to fully understand the work as a whole. This needs addressed in order to facilitate efficient work, peer review, accessibility and impact to a greater audience. We are an interdisciplinary team working in the nascent scientific field, which repurposing DNA as digital information storage media. In this note, we highlight some of the difficulties that arise from the collaboration and outline our efforts to improve communication through the glossary and controlled vocabulary and accessibility through a plain-language summary of the brief.

Urea, suitable for molecular biology
GE1210-1KG	Glentham Life Sciences	1 kg	EUR 106.8

Urea, suitable for molecular biology
GE1210-500G	Glentham Life Sciences	500 g	EUR 76.8

BCIP (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE108	GeneOn	250 mg	EUR 75.6

BCIP (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE109	GeneOn	1 g	EUR 108

CHAPS (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE114	GeneOn	1 g	EUR 66

CHAPS (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE115	GeneOn	5 g	EUR 157.2

CHAPS (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE116	GeneOn	25 g	EUR 492

DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE117	GeneOn	5 mg	EUR 72

DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE118	GeneOn	25 mg	EUR 159.6

DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE119	GeneOn	100 mg	EUR 382.8

Dimethylsulfoxide (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE120	GeneOn	100 ml	EUR 66

Dimethylsulfoxide (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE121	GeneOn	500 ml	EUR 110.4

DTT (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE131	GeneOn	5 g	EUR 93.6

DTT (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE132	GeneOn	10 g	EUR 133.2

DTT (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE133	GeneOn	25 g	EUR 243.6

Glycine (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE158	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 84

Glycine (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE159	GeneOn	5 kg	EUR 228

HEPES (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE171	GeneOn	100 g	EUR 98.4

HEPES (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE172	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 268.8

HEPES (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE173	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 424.8

Lysozyme (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE188	GeneOn	1 g	EUR 70.8

Lysozyme (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE189	GeneOn	10 g	EUR 247.2

NAD (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE196	GeneOn	1 g	EUR 72

NAD (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE197	GeneOn	5 g	EUR 165.6

NBT (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE209	GeneOn	1 g	EUR 123.6

NBT (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE210	GeneOn	5 g	EUR 360

Tris (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE237	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 106.8

Tris (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE238	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 153.6

Tris (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE239	GeneOn	5 kg	EUR 535.2

Tween20 (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE242	GeneOn	1 l	EUR 106.8

Water (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE243	GeneOn	500 ml	EUR 62.4

Water (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE244	GeneOn	1 l	EUR 67.2

100mL Molecular Biology Grade
46-000-CI	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	PK6	EUR 70.68

500mL Molecular Biology Grade
46-000-CV	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	PK6	EUR 124.26

Ammonium sulfate (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE105	GeneOn	250 g	EUR 55.2

Ammonium sulfate (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE106	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 72

Ammonium sulfate (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE107	GeneOn	5 kg	EUR 153.6

Bis-Acrylamid (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE110	GeneOn	50 g	EUR 94.8

Bis-Acrylamid (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE111	GeneOn	250 g	EUR 259.2

Formamide deionized (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE145	GeneOn	500 ml	EUR 87.6

Formamide deionized (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE146	GeneOn	1 l	EUR 120

Glycerol 87 % (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE154	GeneOn	1 l	EUR 93.6

Glycerol waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE155	GeneOn	500 ml	EUR 78

Glycerol waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE156	GeneOn	1 l	EUR 102

Glycerol waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE157	GeneOn	2.5 l	EUR 170.4

Guanidine - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE160	GeneOn	100 g	EUR 93.6

Guanidine - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE161	GeneOn	250 g	EUR 153.6

Guanidine - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE162	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 232.8

Guanidine - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE163	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 352.8

Guanidine Thiocyanate (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE164	GeneOn	100 g	EUR 86.4

Guanidine Thiocyanate (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE165	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 192

Guanidine Thiocyanate (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE166	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 307.2

Urea Crystalline (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE167	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 72

Urea Crystalline (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE168	GeneOn	5 kg	EUR 181.2

MOPS buffer (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE194	GeneOn	100 g	EUR 102

MOPS buffer (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE195	GeneOn	250 g	EUR 169.2

Sodium chloride (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE205	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 62.4

Sodium chloride (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE206	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 70.8

Sodium chloride (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE207	GeneOn	5 kg	EUR 123.6

Tris - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE234	GeneOn	250 g	EUR 99.6

Tris - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE235	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 144

Tris - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE236	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 223.2

TritonX-100 (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE240	GeneOn	500 ml	EUR 67.2

TritonX-100 (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE241	GeneOn	1 l	EUR 79.2

Water, Ultrapure Molecular Biology Grade
41024-4L	Biotium	4L	EUR 145.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 4L

Tween 20, Molecular Biology Grade
T9100-010	GenDepot	100ml	EUR 86.4

Tween 20, Molecular Biology Grade
T9100-050	GenDepot	500ml	EUR 133.2

Tween 20, Molecular Biology Grade
T9100-100	GenDepot	1L	EUR 160.8

1L Molecular Biology Grade Water
46-000-CM	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	PK6	EUR 177.84

Water, distilled, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology
GK8512-1L	Glentham Life Sciences	1 l	EUR 92.4

Agarose, low EEO, GlenBiol, suitable for molecular biology
GE6258-100G	Glentham Life Sciences	100 g	EUR 217.2

Phenol, (Carbolic acid) Double distilled for Molecular Biology
PD0252	Bio Basic	500g	EUR 192.59

EDTA - Dinatriumsalz - Dihydrat (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE135	GeneOn	250 g	EUR 72

EDTA - Dinatriumsalz - Dihydrat (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE136	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 86.4

EDTA - Dinatriumsalz - Dihydrat (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE137	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 124.8

EDTA - Dinatriumsalz - Dihydrat (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE138	GeneOn	5 kg	EUR 418.8

D(+)-Glucose waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE148	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 67.2

D(+)-Glucose waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE149	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 75.6

D(+)-Glucose waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE150	GeneOn	5 kg	EUR 180

Yeast extract powder (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE169	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 133.2

Hyaluronidase Grade I (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE174	GeneOn	1 g	EUR 232.8

Hyaluronidase Grade I (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE175	GeneOn	5 g	EUR 920.4

Magnesium acetate - Tetrahydrate (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE190	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 98.4

NADH - Disodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE198	GeneOn	1 g	EUR 91.2

NADH - Disodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE199	GeneOn	5 g	EUR 244.8

NADP - sodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE200	GeneOn	250 mg	EUR 92.4

NADP - sodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE201	GeneOn	1 g	EUR 190.8

NADPH - Tetrasodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE202	GeneOn	25 mg	EUR 70.8

NADPH - Tetrasodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE203	GeneOn	100 mg	EUR 126

NADPH - Tetrasodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE204	GeneOn	500 mg	EUR 374.4

SSC Buffer (20X) (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE229	GeneOn	1 l	EUR 86.4

XTT sodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE250	GeneOn	100 mg	EUR 208.8

XTT sodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE251	GeneOn	500 mg	EUR 612

Albumin fraction V (pH7,0) (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE100	GeneOn	50 g	EUR 128.4

Albumin fraction V (pH7,0) (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE101	GeneOn	100 g	EUR 193.2

Albumin fraction V (pH7,0) (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE102	GeneOn	250 g	EUR 387.6

Albumin fraction V (pH7,0) (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE103	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 656.4

Albumin fraction V (pH7,0) (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE104	GeneOn	1 kg	EUR 1162.8

Water, Ultra Pure, Sterile Molecular Biology Grade
18-193	Genesee Scientific	100ml/Unit	EUR 268

Water, Ultra Pure, Sterile Molecular Biology Grade
18-194	Genesee Scientific	500ml/Unit	EUR 294

Water, Ultra Pure, Sterile Molecular Biology Grade
18-195	Genesee Scientific	1000ml/Unit	EUR 308

Water, Ultra Pure, Sterile Molecular Biology Grade
18-196	Genesee Scientific	4 x 1L/Unit	EUR 471

EDTA solution pH 8.0 (0.5 M) (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE141	GeneOn	500 ml	EUR 87.6

LB-Agar - Powder according to Lennox (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE178	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 109.2

LB-Agar - Powder according to Lennox (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE179	GeneOn	2.5 kg	EUR 301.2

LB-Agar - Powder according to Miller (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE180	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 104.4

LB-Agar - Powder according to Miller (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE181	GeneOn	2.5 kg	EUR 295.2

LB-Medium - Powder according to Lennox (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE182	GeneOn	500 g	EUR 108

LB-Medium - Powder according to Lennox (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE183	GeneOn	2.5 kg	EUR 301.2

LB-Medium - Powder according to Miller (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE184	GeneOn	2.5 kg	EUR 295.2

Agarose LE, Ultra-Pure Molecular Biology Grade, 100 g
41028-100G	Biotium	100G	EUR 266.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 100G

Agarose LE, Ultra-Pure Molecular Biology Grade, 25 g
41028-25G	Biotium	25G	EUR 130.8
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 25G

Agarose LE, Ultra-Pure Molecular Biology Grade, 500 g
41028-500G	Biotium	500G	EUR 862.8
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 500G

AGAROSE LE, LOW EEO, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE, 100G PER UNIT
AGR-LE-100	CORNING	1/pk	EUR 201.6
Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; Agarose

Bulk Beads Zr 0.1mm Triple-Pure Molecular Biology Grade 250g
HOM3048	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	250G	EUR 536.94

Bulk Beads Zr 0.5mm Triple-Pure Molecular Biology Grade 250g
HOM3050	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	250G	EUR 536.94

Bulk Beads Zr 1.0mm Triple-Pure Molecular Biology Grade 250g
HOM3052	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	250G	EUR 536.94

Bulk Beads Zr 1.5mm Triple-Pure Molecular Biology Grade 250g
HOM3054	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	250G	EUR 536.94

Bulk Beads Zr 3.0mm Triple-Pure Molecular Biology Grade 300g
HOM3056	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	300G	EUR 536.94

Sucrose
abx082163-500g	Abbexa	500 g	EUR 210

Sucrose
abx082558-500g	Abbexa	500 g	EUR 226.8

Sucrose
GC4473-100G	Glentham Life Sciences	100 g	EUR 45.6

Sucrose
GC4473-10KG	Glentham Life Sciences	10 kg	EUR 217.2

Sucrose
GC4473-1KG	Glentham Life Sciences	1 kg	EUR 64.8

Sucrose
GC4473-250G	Glentham Life Sciences	250 g	EUR 48

Sucrose
GC4473-2KG	Glentham Life Sciences	2 kg	EUR 87.6

Sucrose
GC4473-500G	Glentham Life Sciences	500 g	EUR 52.8

Sucrose
GC4473-5KG	Glentham Life Sciences	5 kg	EUR 141.6

Sucrose
HY-B1779	MedChemExpress	10mM/1mL	EUR 135.6

SUCROSE
S19-117-10kg	Alphabiosciences	10 kg	EUR 648

SUCROSE
S19-117-2kg	Alphabiosciences	2kg	EUR 188.4

SUCROSE
S19-117-500g	Alphabiosciences	500 g	EUR 94.8

Sucrose
SB0498	Bio Basic	500g	EUR 71.45

Sucrose
TB01275	ChemNorm	8XX100mg	EUR 328.8

Phosphate-buffered Sucrose for Transfection
GR103050	Genorise Scientific	1 L	EUR 142.8

Sucrose (saccharose)
16-0020-1000	Medicago	1 kg	EUR 111.6

Iron sucrose
GC0709-100G	Glentham Life Sciences	100 g	EUR 228

Iron sucrose
GC0709-25G	Glentham Life Sciences	25 g	EUR 103.2

Iron sucrose
GC0709-50G	Glentham Life Sciences	50 g	EUR 146.4

Sucrose stearate
GC2889-25G	Glentham Life Sciences	25 g	EUR 98.4

Sucrose stearate
GC2889-5G	Glentham Life Sciences	5 g	EUR 54

Sucrose benzoate
GC4185-1KG	Glentham Life Sciences	1 kg	EUR 170.4

Sucrose benzoate
GC4185-500G	Glentham Life Sciences	500 g	EUR 112.8

Sucrose octaacetate
GC6190-1KG	Glentham Life Sciences	1 kg	EUR 146.4

Sucrose octaacetate
GC6190-250G	Glentham Life Sciences	250 g	EUR 70.8

Sucrose octaacetate
GC6190-500G	Glentham Life Sciences	500 g	EUR 98.4

AGAROSE LE, LOW EEO, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE, 500G/UNIT, 10 UNITS PER CASE
AGR-LE-5001	CORNING	1/pk	EUR 3669.6
Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; Agarose

AGAROSE MS, PCR SCREENING, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE, 100G/UNIT, 10 UNITS PER CASE
AGR-MS-1001	CORNING	1/pk	EUR 2445.6
Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; Agarose

AGAROSE LE, LOW EEO, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE, 100G PER UNIT, 10 UNITS PER CASE
AGR-LE-1001	CORNING	1/pk	EUR 926.4
Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; Agarose

AGAROSE LM, LOW MELTING, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE, 100G/UNIT, 10 UNITS PER CASE (AL)
AGR-LM-1001	CORNING	1/pk	EUR 4484.4
Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; Agarose

AGAROSE LM, LOW MELTING, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE, 50G/UNIT, 10 UNITS PER CASE (AL)
AGR-LM-501	CORNING	1/pk	EUR 2490
Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; Agarose

Sucrose Assay Kit
55R-1468	Fitzgerald	100 assays	EUR 826.8
Description: Assay Kit for detection of Sucrose in the research laboratory

Dodecanoyl-D-sucrose
GC7623-250MG	Glentham Life Sciences	250 mg	EUR 122.4

3,6-Disinapoyl sucrose
TB0776	ChemNorm	20mg	EUR 320.4

EnzyChrom Sucrose Assay Kit
ESUC-100	BioAssay Systems	100	EUR 499.2
Description: Quantitative determination of sucrose by colorimetric (565nm) method. Procedure: 70 min. Kit size: 100 tests. Detection limit: 17 µM. Shelf life: 3 months. Shipping: on ice; storage: -20°C.

Sucrose Synthase (SUS1) Antibody
20-abx319796	Abbexa	EUR 493.20 EUR 2214.00 EUR 718.80 EUR 218.40 EUR 360.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Sucrose (Plant) Assay Kit
abx298802-100Assays	Abbexa	100 Assays	EUR 566.4

Sucrose Synthase Assay Kit
abx298804-100Assays	Abbexa	100 Assays	EUR 679.2

PHENOL RED SUCROSE BROTH
P16-123-10kg	Alphabiosciences	10 kg	EUR 1002

PHENOL RED SUCROSE BROTH
P16-123-2Kg	Alphabiosciences	2 Kg	EUR 265.2

PHENOL RED SUCROSE BROTH
P16-123-500g	Alphabiosciences	500 g	EUR 115.2

3, 6?-Disinapoyl Sucrose
N2096-20	ApexBio	20 mg	EUR 602.4
Description: Extracted from Polygala tenuifolia Willd. dried roots;Store the product in sealed, cool and dry condition

Sucrose octasulfate sodium salt
GK4916-1G	Glentham Life Sciences	1 g	EUR 265.2

Sucrose octasulfate sodium salt
GK4916-250MG	Glentham Life Sciences	250 mg	EUR 122.4

Poly(sucrose-co-epichlorhydrin)
GM4452-100G	Glentham Life Sciences	100 g	EUR 409.2

Sucrose octasulfate-aluminum complex
GC0234-10G	Glentham Life Sciences	10 g	EUR 274.8

Sucrose octasulfate-aluminum complex
GC0234-1G	Glentham Life Sciences	1 g	EUR 84

Sucrose octasulfate-aluminum complex
GC0234-5G	Glentham Life Sciences	5 g	EUR 180

Sucrose octasulfate potassium salt
GC1775-1G	Glentham Life Sciences	1 g	EUR 180

0 % Sucrose in Water
BS00	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	15ML	EUR 85.5

Sucrose Standard Stabilised 15ML
BS60S	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	15ML	EUR 78.66

Calibration Fluid Sucrose 60%
SS60	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	EUR 79.8

We hope to stimulate discussion earlier in this emerging field of how our community might improve the description and presentation of our work to facilitate clear communication within and between research groups and accessibility increase for those who are not familiar with our field each – good the molecular biology, computer science, information theory or others that may become relevant in the future. To enable open and inclusive discussion we have made a list of controlled vocabulary terms and as a cloud-based shared document and we invite other scientists to criticisms and suggestions and contribute their own ideas.